The Church and the Hospital are two institutions that have a common vocation in terms of restoring the health of the human person. The commandments of our Savior Jesus Christ start from the existence of illness in man and aim at the holistic healing of man. This article aims to demonstrate that Byzantium is the cradle of the social-charitable institution in the Church. The ancestors of the modern hospital were born in the fourth century, the Church itself having the innovative initiative of hiring and paying doctors for these establishments. At the basis of the foundation of the first hospitals was the concept of caring for the poor by the Church. The hospital was, in origin and conception, a specifically Christian institution, with roots in the charitable and philanthropic thinking of the Christian faith. The diachronic perspective pursued in this study wishes to emphasize once again that in the process of healing and in the face of death, the mission of the missionary priest of charity in hospitals is a sacred one.